lunes, 18 de octubre de 2010

MAGALLANES: la primera expedición Europea en Chile

Hernando de Magallanes
Hernando de Magallanes fue el descubridor de la Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego y el estrecho que lleva su nombre. Partió del puerto de Sevilla en agosto de 1519, y durante los meses de invierno de 1520 detuvo sus naves en la bahía de San Julián, ubicada en la Patagonia argentina, cerca de los 49º 30' de latitud sur.
El cronista de la expedición, el Italiano Antonio de pigafetta, era natural de la ciudad de Venecia, donde bació a fines del siglo XV. Cuando tuvo noticia de la expedición que preparaba Magallanes, se procuró recomendaciones de la corte de Carlos V, a fin que le permitieran sumarse a los viajeros. Se embarcó en la nave Trinidad, al mando de Magallanes, y volvió a España en  1522, en la victoria, la que era capitaneada por Juan Sebastián Elcano. Tuvo la fortuna de ser uno de los diecisiete sobrevivientes de la expedición que regresaron habiendo dado la vuelta al mundo. Desde el principio del viaje, Pigafetta comenzó a escribir su Diario, único relato original de la travesía y testimonio de incalculable valor para la historia.
Seis años después del paso de Magallanes, por la misma región navegó la armada capitaneada por fray Juan García Jofré de Loaysa, que se dirigía a las islas Molucas, descubiertas por Magallanes, sin dejar mayores noticias de la zona.
Ninguna de estas expediciones anteriores venía con el propósito de descubrir el territorio de nuestro país.

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